| 1. | BACELOR SAINS (BIOLOGI) - MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY, IOWA, UNITED STATES |
| 2. | MASTER SAINS (VETERINARY IMMUNBIOLOGY) - VETERINARY IMMUNBIOLOGY IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY, IOWA, UNITED STATES |
| 3. | PHD - BIOLOGI MOLEKUL TUMBUHAN DURHAM UNIVERSITY, ENGLAND, UNITED KINGDOM |